The IAEA Board, despite Turkey’s abstention, has reported its latest concerns to the Security Council. The time has come for the Security Council to take action in the form of increased sanctions. Turkey has troubled experience with international sanctions. Yet as a member of the Security Council, Turkey must assume its responsibilities. If Turkey wishes diplomacy to succeed, it must join in a unified effort to present Iran’s leaders with a clear choice between serious negotiations and serious sanctions. Turkey cannot abstain when nuclear dangers mount within range of a Shahab 3 missile.