This article aims to explain how “success” can be conceptualized within the context of Afghanistan and explores the potential risks that the Transatlantic Alliance is about to face. The article consists of four parts. The first part contemplates upon the term “success” in Afghanistan and evaluates the efforts of the Transatlantic Alliance. The second part focuses on the lessons learned in the war on terror leading to the third part where NATO’s new approach in Afghanistan is explored. The final chapter discusses the future of NATO in relation to the situation in Afghanistan.