Turkey’s dramatically low female Labor Force Participation (LFP) rate of 30 percent is a salient challenge, particularly considering the increase of female LFP rates at both the EU and OECD level. However, women’s LFP is a complex issue as it ensues from a combination of economic, cultural, and social factors. Considering the interplay between the labor market and social policies, this article examines Turkey’s welfare state, focusing on the country’s family policies and social security system.