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Towards the end of the last century the ideologies and conflicts defining the 20th century came to end. As a matter of fact, the 20th century came to a premature end with the collapse of the Berlin Wall. What essentially gave direction to the history and way of life, social and economic, of the 20th century? Throughout the century, a state bureaucratic left wing model on one hand, and a totalitarian right wing one on the other, threatened the realm of freedom. However, towards the end of the century both the totalitarian right and the statist left collapsed and what I call "social liberal synthesis" came into being. This did not come easy, for there were quite a few wars and millions of people lost their lives. There were conflicts between the two sides and those more tolerant and believing in peace and democracy prevailed in spite of all these threats.
 


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CONTRIBUTOR
Kemal Derviş
Kemal Derviş
Foreword The rapid pace of geopolitical change, the urgent necessity for sustainability, and the fundamental importance of energy security converge to shape our complex global landscape today. This issue of Transatlantic Policy Quarterly delves into "Change, Security, and Sustainability in Energy," offering insights from scholars and professionals on how regions and nations are navigating this...
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