Lotfi Maktouf is the founder and President of Almadanya, a Tunisian NGO formed after the Tunisian revolution to empower citizens through a series of development and cultural programs. He is the author of “Sauver la Tunisie,” in which the concept of “Islamist Protocol” was first developed. An earlier version of this paper was presented and discussed at Stanford University in the context of a conference on “The New Politics of Church and State Relations” on 3-4 December 2015.